UNIT 7. FURTHER EDUCATION - TỪ VỰNG - NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH 11
UNIT 7. FURTHER EDUCATION
Giáo dục nghề
I.VOCABULARY
1.
abroad /əˈbrɔːd/ (adv):ở nước ngoài
2.
academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk/ (adj):thuộc vể hoặc liên quan đến giáo dục, việc học tập,
mang tính học thuật
3.
accommodation /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/(n): phòng ở
4.
achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ (v):đạt được
5.
admission /ədˈmɪʃn/(n): sự vào hoặc được nhận vào một trường học
6.
analytical /ˌænəˈlɪtɪkl/(adj):(thuộc) phân tích
7.
baccalaureate /ˌbækəˈlɔːriət/(n):kì thi tú tài
8.
bachelor /ˈbætʃələ(r)/(n):người có bằng cử nhân
9.
broaden /ˈbrɔːdn/ (n):mở rộng, nới rộng
10.
campus /ˈkæmpəs/ (n): khu trường sở, sân bâi (của các trường trung học, đại
học)
11.
collaboration/kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃn/ (n): cộng tác
12.
college /ˈkɒlɪdʒ/ (n): trường cao đẳng hoặc trường chuyên nghiệp
13.
consult /kənˈsʌlt/(v): hỏi ý kiến, tra cứu, tham khảo
14.
coordinator /kəʊˈɔːdɪneɪtə(r)/ (n):người điều phối, điều phối viên
15.
course /kɔːs/ (n): khoá học, chương trình học
16.
critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/(adj):thuộc bình phẩm, phê bình
17.
CV/ˌsiːˈviː/ (n): viết tắt của curriculum vitae, bản tóm tắt quá
trình hoạt động của một người (thường nộp theo đơn xin việc); bản lí lịch
18.
dean /diːn/(n):chủ nhiệm khoa (một trường đại học)
19.
degree /dɪˈɡriː/ (n):học vị, bằng cấp
20.
diploma /dɪˈpləʊmə/(n) : bằng cấp, văn bằng
21.
doctorate /ˈdɒktərət/(n):học vị tiến sĩ
22.
eligible /ˈelɪdʒəbl/(adj):đủ tư cách, thích hợp
23.
enrol /ɪnˈrəʊl/ (v):ghi danh
24.
enter /ˈentə(r)/ (v):gia nhập, theo học một trường
25.
faculty /ˈfæklti/(n):khoa (của một trường đại học)
26.
institution /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃn/ (n):viện, trường đại học
27.
internship /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/ (n):giai đoạn thực tập
28.
kindergarten /ˈkɪndəɡɑːtn/ (n): trường mẫu giáo ( cho trẻ 4 - 6 tuổi)
29. major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/
(n): môn học chính của sinh viên, chuyên ngành
30. mandatory
/ˈmændətəri/ (a):có tính bắt buộc
31. Master/ˈmɑːstə(r)/
(n): thạc sĩ
32. passion
/ˈpæʃn/(n):sự say mê, niềm say mê
33. potential
/pəˈtenʃl/(n): khả năng, tiềm lực
34. profession
/prəˈfeʃn/ (n):nghề, nghề nghiệp
35. pursue
/pəˈsjuː/(v):đeo đuổi
36. qualification
/ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/(n): văn bằng, học vị, chứng chỉ
37. scholarship
/ˈskɒləʃɪp/(n):học bổng
38. skill /skɪl/(n):kĩ
năng
39. talent /ˈtælənt/
(n): tài năng, năng lực, nhân tài
40. training /ˈtreɪnɪŋ/
(n): rèn luyện, đào tạo
41. transcript
/ˈtrænskrɪpt/(n):học bạ, phiếu điểm
42. tuition /tjuˈɪʃn/(n):
tiền học, học phí
43. tutor/ˈtjuːtə(r)/
(n):thầy giáo dạy kèm
44. undergraduate
/ˌʌndəˈɡrædʒuət/(n): sinh viên đang học đại học hoặc cao
đẳng, chưa tốt nghiệp
45. university
/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/ (n): trường đại học
46. vocational
/vəʊˈkeɪʃənl/ (adj): thuộc vể hoặc liên quan đến học nghề, hướng nghiệp
GRAMMAR
A.
GRAMMAR
I.
THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS (HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH
TIẾP DIỄN)
1. Cấu trúc (Form)
|
Affirmative (Khẳng định) |
Negative (Phủ định) |
Interrogative
(Nghi van) |
|
S + have/ has + been
+ V-ing |
S + have/ has + not
+ been + V- ing |
Have/ Has + S + been + v-ing...? |
|
She has been waiting here for 30
minutes. |
She hasn't been waiting here for 30
minutes. |
Has she been waiting here for 30
minutes? |
2. Cách dùng (use)
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn được dùng để diễn
tả:
- Hành động bắt đầu trong quá khứ, kéo
dài liên tục đến hiện tại, vẫn đang tiếp tục ở hiện tại. Cách dùng này thường
đi kèm với giới từ "since" và "for"
E.g: They have been waiting here for over two hours. (They are still waiting
here now.) I have been reading for 3
hours. (I am still reading now.)
How
long have you been learning English? (You are still learning now.)
-
Hành động đã bắt
đầu trong quá khứ, vừa mới kết thúc gần đây.
E.g: Why is the grass wet? Has it been raining? I'm tired because I've been running.
3. Signal Words
Một số cụm từ thường đi kèm trong
thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn như: all day, for 4 years, since 1993, how
long, the whole week, ...
4. Sự
khác biệt giữa hiện tại hoàn thành và hiên tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành chú ý đến kết
quả của hành động.Trong khi đó, thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn nhấn mạnh đến
hành động mà có thể chưa kết thúc.
E.g: I've been decorating
the house this morning. (nhấn mạnh vào hành động
-decorating- hành động chưa kết thúc)
I've painted the living room
blue. (nhấn mạnh vào kết quả của hành động. Bây giờ chúng ta
có thể nhìn
thấy được kết quả)
-
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành nói đến hành động hoàn thành được bao nhiêu (how many/ how much); còn thì
hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn nói đến hành động xảy ra
được bao lâu (how long) E.g: She's been writing letters for 3 hours.
She's
written 5 letters.
- Thì hiện tại hoàn thành nói đến hành
động mang tính chất lâu dài, còn thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn chỉ hành
động mang tính tạm thời.
E.g: I've worked here for ten years.
I usually work in Hanoi but I've been working in Ho Chi Minh City for the last 3 weeks.
Lưu
ý: Trong một số trường hợp, ta có thể chia động từ ở cả thì hiện tại hoàn
thành và hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn tùy thuộc vào ngữ cảnh.
■ BÀI
TẬP VẬN DỤNG Cơ BẢN
Bài 1: Put the verbs into
the correct form (present perfect continuous).
1. He (work)
in this company since 1995.
2. I (wait)
for you since two o'clock.
3. Mary (live)
in Germany since 1990.
4. Why is he so tired? He (play)
tennis for five hours.
5. How long (you, learn) English?
6. We (look
for) the motorway for more than an hour.
7. I (live)
without electricity for two weeks.
8. The film
(not run) for ten
minutes yet, but there's a commercial break
already.
9. How long (she, work) in the garden?
10.
She (not / be) in the garden
for more than an hour.
Bài 2: Make sentences using the present perfect
continuous.
1. (I / not/work today)
2. (you / not / eat well
recently)
3. (we/not/exercise enough)
4. (she / not / study)
5. (they/ not/ live here for a long time)
6. (it / not / snow)
7. (he / not / play football for five years)
8. we / not / drink enough water - that's why we feel tired)
9. (I/ not/ sleep - I was reading)
10.
(they / not /
watch TV much recently)
Bài 3: Choose the best answer.
1. How long for?
A. are you waiting B. have you been waiting
C. have you waited D. do you wait
2. We in
this street for twenty years.
A. are living B. have been living
C. live D. lived
3. He in
the garden since morning.
A. is working B. work
C. worked D. has been working
4. It heavily
yesterday.
A. is raining B. has rained
C. rained D. has been raining
5. I this
laptop for three vears.
A. am
using B. use C. have been using D. used
6. The workers
higher wages for a
long time.
A. has been demanding B. have been demanding
C. demand D. demanded
7. The girl
her lessons for 2
hours.
A. has been learning B. have been learning
C. had been learning D. is
learning
8. The children
in the garden now.
A. has been playing B. have been playing
C. had been playing D. are
playing
9. "You look tired". "Yes, I "
A. am running B. have been running
C. has been running D. was
running
10. Who in
my bed since 7 o'clock?
A. is sleeping B. has been sleeping
C. have been sleeping D. was
sleeping
Bài 4: Choose the best answer.
1. I've (been writing/ written) to the bank twice, but I haven't had a reply.
2. We've (painted/ been painting) the bedroom. We've nearly finished.
3. They've (been knowing/ known) each other for ten years.
4. Have you (been seeing/ seen) the
new James Bond film yet?
5. I've (been trying/ tried) to call you all morning!
6. How long have you (been waiting/ waited) for the bus?
7. We've (been having/
had) a dog for
ten years.
8. I haven't (been working/ worked) hard recently.
Bài 5: Put the verbs into the
correct form, using either the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect
continuous.
1. How long Jerry? (you/to know)
2. You look dirty.
What all day?
(you/to do)
3. How many times New
York? (Michael/to visit)
4. She French
words for hours, but she still doesn't remember all of them, (to learn)
5. The children
videos for two
hours, (to watch)
6. hard today? (he/to study)
7. My father
. (never/to smoke)
8. Sorry, I'm late. for
long? (you/to wait)
9. We Lisa
recently, (not/to see)
10. He his
essay all day, but he yet. (to write) (not/to finish)
Bài 6: Put the verbs into the
correct form, using either the Present Continuous or the Present Perfect
continuous.
1. It (rain) all
week. I hope it stops by Friday because I want to go to the beach.
2. You look really great! (You, exercise) at the fitness center?
3. Mark, where have you been? We (wait) for you since 1 p.m.
4. Tim: What is that sound?
Daisy: A car alarm (ring) somewhere down the street. It(drive) me crazy - I
wish it would
stop! it (ring) for
more than twenty minutes.
5.
Johnson's English (improve, really) , isn't
it? He (watch) American television programs every day since
he first arrived in San Diego. Soon he will be totally fluent.
6. Dave: You look a little tired. (You, get)
enough sleep
lately? Michelle: Yes, I (sleep) relatively well. I just look tired because I (feel)
a
little sick for the last week. Dave: I hope you feel better soon.
Michelle: Thanks.
I (take, currently; some medicine, so I should feel better in a
couple of days.
Bài 7: Put the verbs into the
correct form, using either the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect
continuous.
1.
Julia: How
long (you, be) ;n Canada?
Clare: I (study) here for more than three years.
2.
I (have) the same car for mere
than ten years. I'm thinking about buying a new one.
3.
I (love) chocolate since I was a
child. You might even call me a "chocoholic."
4.
Mark and Sarah (have) some difficulties in their relationship lately, so they (go)
to
a marriage counselor. I hope they work everything out.
5.
John (work) for
the government since he graduated from Harvard
University. Until
recently, he (enjoy) his
work, but now he is talking about retiring.
6. Lately, I (think) about changing my
career because I (become) with the conditions at my company
dissatisfied
7. I (see) Julia for more than five years and during
that time I (see)
many
changes in her personality.
■ BÀI
TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO
Bài 8: Choose the correct
form (Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect continuous).
1. We want to tell how we have spent our time:
A.
We have
played football.
B.
We have been
playing football.
2. The action is completed now:
A.
Charles has
sent the letter.
B.
Charles has
been sending the letter.
3. I want to tell how I have spent my time:
A.
I have
watched TV.
B.
I have been
watching TV.
4. I want to emphasise that the door is open now:
A.
Elizabeth has
opened the door.
B.
Elizabeth has
been opening the door.
5. I want to emphasise that the house is ready now:
A.
My friends
have built a house.
B.
My friends
have been building a house.
Bài 9: Put the verbs into the correct form, using
either the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect continuous.
1. I (play) football
for five years.
2.
My team (win / only)
two matches so far.
3. The others (be I always) _better.
4. Are we not there yet?
We (walk) for hours.
5.
But we (cover / only)
an area of five
miles so far.
6.
I (finish/just) my homework.
7. I (work) on
this essay since two o'clock.
8. Jane (go out) with
Bob for seven years.
9. Peter (date)
three girls this
week.
10.
How long
(wait / you) for
us?
Bài 10: Put the verbs into the correct tense
(Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous).
1.
A: (you / take)
the dog for a walk yet?
2. B: I (work) all day. I (come / just)
home from work and I (have I not) the
time yet to walk the dog.
3.
A: How long
(the dog / be) home
alone?
4.
B: For about
6 hours. You (walk I not) the
dog for a long time. Don't you want to go?
5. A: Well, I (laze / not) about
all day either, you know. I have a very important meeting tomorrow and I still (finish / not) my report.
6.
B: Okay, I
will go then. Where (you / put) collar
and leash?
7. A:
They are in the kitchen.
By the way, (you I eat)
anything yet? If
not, could you get us something from
the market?
Bài 11: Put these words into the correct order to
make sentences with present perfect continuous.
1.
morning /
cleaning I these / been I dirty /. / all / I've I floors
2.
three I
office / for / has / Sarah / this /. / in / been / weeks I working
3.
to I been /
how / bus / long I this / ?/ waiting / we / come / have I for
4.
been / hour./
we've /1 / understand I don't / and I document I reading / for / this I anything /an
5.
I very / long
I haven't / they / for / French / been / learning
6.
weeks / been
/ with / sister / few /. / his / a / Martin / living I for I has
7.
five I you /
? / have I been / doing / these I years / last / what
8.
these / cleaning
/ all / you / do / been / ? / I've / know / glasses / why
Bài 12: Put the verbs into either the Present
Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.
1.
I'm really tired. I since seven this morning, (work)
2.
Peter at six schools in six
years. He never stays in the same job. (teach)
3.
Mr Hung since
she left university in 2000. (teach)
4.
Hoa English for nearly two
years, (study)
5.
This week he
ten new verbs,
(learn)
6.
I over 40 resumes but I
still can't decide who to give the job to. (read)
7.
She can't
still be thirsty! She three
glasses of lemonade, (drink)
8.
How long professional
baseball? (play)
9.
How many games ? (play)
KEY UNIT 7:
FURTHER EDUCATION
Bài 2:
1. I haven't been working today.
2. You haven't been eating well recently.
3. We haven't been exercising enough.
4. She hasn't been studying.
5. They haven't been living here for a long time.
6. It hasn't been snowing.
7. He hasn't been playing football for five years.
8. We haven't been drinking enough water - that's why we
feel tired.
9. I haven't been sleeping -I was reading.
10.
They haven't
been watching TV much recently.
|
Bài 3: 1. B |
5. C |
8.
D |
|
|
2. B |
6. B |
9.
B |
|
|
3. D |
7. A |
10.
B |
|
|
4. C |
|
|
|
|
Bài 4: 1. written |
|
|
8. been trying |
|
2. been painting 3. known 4. seen |
|
|
9. been waiting 10. had 11. been working |
Bài 5:
1. have you known 6. Has he been studying
2. have you been
doing 7. has never smoked
3. has Michael visited 8. Have you been waiting
4. has been
learning 9. haven't seen
5. have been
watching 10. has been writing / hasn't finished
Bài 6:
1. has been raining
2. Have you been exercising
3. have been waiting
4. is ringing - is driving - has been ringing
5. is really improving - has been watching
6. Have you been getting - have been sleeping - have been
feeling - am currently taking
Bài 7:
1. have you been - have
been studying 5. has been working - has enjoyed
2. have had 6. have been thinking - have become
3. have loved 7. have been seeing - have seen
4. have been having - have been going
Bài 8:
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. A
Bài 9:
1. have been
playing 6. have just finished
2. has only
won 7. have been working
3. have always been 8. has been going out
4. have been
walking 9. has dated
5. have only
covered 10. have you been waiting
Bài 10:
1. Have you taken
2. have been working - have just come - have not had
3. has the dog been
4. have not walked
5. have not been lazing - have not finished
6. have you put
7. have you eaten
Bài 11:
1. I've been cleaning these dirty floors all morning.
2. Sarah has been working in this office for three weeks.
3. How long have we been waiting for this bus to come?
4. We've been reading this document for an hour and don't
understand anything!
5. They haven't been learning French for very long.
6. Martin has been living with his sister for a few weeks.
7. What have you been doing these last five years?
8. Do you know why I've been cleaning all these glasses?
Bài 12:
1. have been
working 6. have read
2. has taught 7. has drunk
3. has been
teaching 8. have you been playing
4. has been studying 9. have you played
5. has learned/has learnt
