Unit 8. THE WORLD OF WORK -TỪ VỰNG NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH 12
Unit 8. THE WORLD OF WORK
A. VOCABULARY
• academic /ˌækəˈdemɪk/(a): học thuật, giỏi các môn học
thuật
• administrator /ədˈmɪnɪstreɪtə(r)/ (n): nhân viên hành chính
• align /əˈlaɪn/ (v): tuân theo, phù hợp
• applicant /ˈæplɪkənt/ (n): người nộp đơn xin việc
• apply /əˈplaɪ/ (v): nộp đơn, đệ trình
• apprentice /əˈprentɪs/ (n): thực tập sinh, người học việc
• approachable /əˈprəʊtʃəbl/ (a): dễ gần, dễ tiếp cận
• articulate /ɑːˈtɪkjuleɪt/ (a): hoạt ngôn, nói năng lưu loát
• barista /bəˈriːstə/ (n): nhân viên làm việc trong quán cà phê
• candidate /ˈkændɪdət/ (n): ứng viên đã qua vòng sơ tuyển
• cluttered /ˈklʌtəd/ (a): lộn xộn, trông rối mắt
• compassionate /kəmˈpæʃənət/ (a): thông cảm, cảm thông
• colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/ (n): đồng nghiệp
• covering letter /ˌkʌvərɪŋ ˈletə(r)/: thư xin việc
• dealership /ˈdiːləʃɪp/ (n): doanh nghiệp, kinh doanh
• demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ (v): thể hiện
• entrepreneur /ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜː(r)/ (n): nhà doanh nghiệp, người khởi nghiệp
• potential/pəˈtenʃl/ (a): tiềm năng
• prioritise /praɪˈɒrətaɪz/ (v): sắp xếp công việc hợp lý, ưu tiên việc quan
trọng trước
• probation /prəˈbeɪʃn/ (n): sự thử việc, thời gian thử việc
• qualification /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ (n): trình độ chuyên môn bằng cấp
• recruit /rɪˈkruːt/ (v): tuyển dụng
• relevant /ˈreləvənt/ (a): thích hợp, phù hợp
• shortlist /ˈʃɔːtlɪst/ (v): sơ tuyển
• specialise /ˈspeʃəlaɪz/ (v): chuyên về lĩnh vực nào đó
• tailor /ˈteɪlə(r)/ (v): điều chỉnh cho phù hợp
• trailer /ˈtreɪlə(r)/ (n): xe móc, xe kéo
• tuition /tjuˈɪʃn/ (n): học phí
• unique /juˈniːk/ (a): đặc biệt, khác biệt, độc nhất
• well-spoken /ˌwel ˈspəʊkən/ (a): nói hay, nói với lời lẽ trau chuốt
GRAMMAR
GRAMMAR
REPORTED SPEECH: REPORTING ORDERS, REQUESTS, OFFERS,
ADVICE, INSTRUCTIONS,... (LỜI NÓI TƯỜNG THUẬT)
Một số động từ như "say, tell, think,
ask" là các động từ tường thuật phổ biến nhất, nhưng ta cũng
có thể sử dụng một số động từ tường thuật khác để tóm tắt thông tin hay bày tỏ
tình cảm.
E.g:
Would you like me to buy a new TV
set?" 
Mr Huy offered to buy
a new TV set.
Sau đây là một số cấu trúc thường dùng:
1. Verb + that clause
E.g: He agreed that it was a bad idea.
Một số động từ dùng trong cấu trúc này là: admit, agree, claim, exclaim, explain,
deny, say, warn
2. Verb + somebody + that clause
E.g: Mr. John warned everyone that investing more money in that
filed was a bad idea.
Một số động từ dùng trong cấu trúc này là: advise, persuade, tell, warn
3. Verb
+ to infinitive
E.g: Mrs. Brown promised to come there early.
Một số động từ dùng trong cấu trúc này là: agree, demand, offer, promise, refuse,
threaten, claim
4. Verb + somebody + to infinitive
E.g: She encouraged her daughter to take part in the contest.
Một số động từ dùng trong cấu trúc này là: advise, ask, allow, beg, command, convince,
encourage, forbid, instruct, invite, order, permit, persuade, remind, urge,
tell, want, warn
5. Verb + -ing
E.g: He suggested going out for dinner.
Một số động từ dùng trong cấu trúc này là: advise, admit, deny, mention, propose,
recommend, suggest
6. Verb + preposition + -ing
E.g: My employee apologized for being late.
Một số động từ dùng trong cấu trúc này là: apologize (+for), admit (+to), boast (+ about), insist (+on)
7. Verb + somebody + preposition + -ing
E.g: He warned the students about copying in the exam.
Một số động từ dùng trong cấu trúc này là: accuse (+of), blame (+for), congratulate (+on), thank (+for), warn (+about/ against)
■ BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN
Bài 1: Match the two
halves of the sentences.
|
1. He told everyone that |
A. everyone for coming. |
|
2. Mrs. Brown promised to |
B. building a new park would be expensive. |
|
3. Mr. David proposed |
C. on reaching a final decision at the meeting. |
|
4. The chairperson insisted |
D. find the solution to this problem. |
|
5. The chairperson thanked |
E. asking for more prices from different builders. |
Bài 2: Choose the best
answer.
1. The mother told her son _______ so
impolitely.
A. not behaving B. not to behave C. did not behave D. not behave
2. He said that he _______
collect it for me after work.
A. would B. did C.
will D.
had
3. She asked me where I _______.
A. have studied B. study C. am studying D. studied
4. The woman wanted to avoid
_______ on security cameras.
A. to see B. being seen C. seeing D.
to be seen
5. Jack asked me _______ in
English.
A. what does this word mean B. what that
word means
C. what did this word mean D. what
that word meant
6. The waiter asked her _______ tea or coffee.
A. whether she liked B.
that she liked
C. if she likes D.
whether she like
7. My friend asked me who _______
the piano in the sitting room.
A. was playing B. plays C. is playing D. has played
8. The father ordered his
children _______ laughing.
A. would stop B. to stop C. stop D. stopped
9. He said he _______ at home.
A. is staying B. has stayed C. was staying D. will stay
10. He says that he _______ the
laws of the country.
A. knew B. is knowing C. knows D.
had known
Bài 3: Complete
the sentences using Reported speech.
1. Kate: "Don't play football in the garden!"
Kate told me ______________________.
2. Teacher: "Don't forget your homework!"
The teacher reminded me ______________________.
3. Mike: "Don't shout at Tim!"
Mike told me ______________________.
4. Hoa: "Don't talk to your neighbour!"
Hoa told me ______________________.
5. Daniel: "Don't open the door!"
Daniel told me ______________________.
6. Mark: "Don't sing that song!"
Mark reminded me ______________________.
7. Jane: "Don't watch the new film!"
Jane advised me ______________________.
8. "Don't ring Richard on Sunday!"
David told me ______________________.
9. Lisa: "Don't fly via Paris!"
Lisa advised me ______________________.
10. James:
"Don't eat so much junk food!"
James reminded me ______________________.
Bài 4: Choose the best
answer.
1. My mum insisted _______ me the money.
A.
on lending B. to lend C. lending
2.
She recommended _______ the first flight home.
A.
taking B. on taking C.
to take
3.
I could finally persuade Megan _______ it.
A.
not to do B. to not do C.
not doing
4.
He warned _______ careful.
A.
us to be B. being C. tobe
5.
The doctor asked _______ drinking coffee.
A.
to me that I stop B. to me to stop C.
me to stop
6.
I told _______ come with us.
A.
they to B. that they C.
them to
7.
They offered _______ me home.
A.
to take B. taking C. metaking
8.
I encouraged mv boss _______ the proiect.
A.
not to leave B. to not leave C.
not leaving
9.
He _______ that he was involved in the accident.
A.
insisted B. told C. denied
10.
He _______ of stealing the book.
A.
admitted B. accused me C.
denied
Bài 5: Choose the correct
answer in brackets.
1. They were
surprised when we _______ (announced/told) that we'd quit our jobs to start our
own company.
2. The teenagers
admitted _______ (to start/starting) the fire, but said it was an accident.
3. You always
promise _______ (you arrive /to arrive) on time, but you never do.
4. I advised Susan
_______ (that she should/ should that she) speak to her parents before making a
decision.
5. The other
students quickly got tired of Mary boasting _______ (of passing/to pass) her
exams.
6. Mike was one of
the first people to congratulate _______ (on me getting /me on getting)
engaged.
7. My doctor has
recommended that I _______ (to do/do) more exercise.
8. Will you remind
me _______ (to pay/paying) the gas bill before the end of the month?
Bài 6: Use the verbs from
the box to rewrite the following sentences.
|
advise |
hope |
promise |
beg |
suggest |
insist |
remind |
deny |
invite |
|
refuse |
threaten |
warn |
||||||
1. "I didn't
do it" he said.
______________________.
2. "Have lunch
with me," Mary said
______________________.
3. "Why don't
you buy the blue shirt?" said Hung.
______________________.
4. "I promise
I'll take you to the zoo," said Linda.
______________________.
5. "I hope Ann
will phone tonight," he said.
______________________.
6. "Please,
don't tell anyone!" he said.
______________________.
7. "I won't
come to her party," he said.
______________________.
8. "You should
do morning exercise,"she said.
______________________.
9. "We really
must go with you,"they said.
______________________.
10. "Don't
forget to do the homework, Tom," his mother said.
______________________.
11. "If you
wear my skirt again, I'll pinch you very hard," said Susan.
______________________.
12. "Don't fly
kites near electric overhead cables," my mother said.
______________________.
■ BÀI TẬP TỔNG HỢP NÂNG CAO
Bài 7: Choose the best
answer.
1. He _______ me to stop buying so much stuff
online.
A.
convinced B. said C. recommend
2.
I don't blame you _______ to move to another house. I don't like this house
either.
A.
to want B. that you want C.
for wanting
3.
I suggest _______ the police right now.
A.
you to call B. you call C. to call
4.
She _______ us not to drink that water.
A.
informed B. insisted C. warned
5.
She _______ anything to do with what happened.
A.
said not to have B. denied having C.
insisted not having
6.
"I wish I had been there with you." She _______ there with me.
A.
regretted not being B. denied being C.
announced that she wasn't
7.
They _______ me not to talk to you any more.
A.
suggested B. said C. advised
8.
"I won't lend you any more money." He _______ to lend me any more
money.
A.
admitted B. informed C. refused
9.
She _______ me to invite Jim to the party.
A.
said B. suggested C. reminded
10.
They _______ me if I didn't tell them where you were.
A.
promised they kill B. threatened to kill C. warned to kill
Bài 8: Change the
sentences into reported speech using one of the reporting verbs from the box in
past simple and any other necessary words.
|
promise |
admit |
advise |
regret |
suggest |
threaten |
agree |
apologise |
deny |
refuse |
remind |
1. "I will
help you, I promise."
John
_______________ me.
2. "Shall we
go to the concert?"
Emily
_______________ to the concert.
3. "I didn't
break the window"
Mark
_______________ the window.
4. "I wish I
hadn't got married"
Mai _______________ married.
5. "I'll kill
you!"
He
_______________ me.
6. "You should
go to the doctor."
She
_______________ to the doctor.
7. "I won't
help you."
He
_______________ me.
8. "I'm sorry
that I was late."
He
_______________ late.
9. "Jack,
remember to set the alarm before you leave."
Tom _______________ the alarm before he left.
10. "I broke
the window."
Richard
_______________ the window.
Bài 9: Complete the
sentences in reported speech, using these reporting verbs: admit, advise,
complain, congratulate, order, promise, remind, suggest, threaten, warn
1. "Yes, it
was me who took your umbrella"
He ______________________.
2. "Well done.
You've passed the exam with flying colors."
He ______________________.
3. "Do these
exercises!"
He ______________________.
4. "I'll send
you all the letters."
He ______________________.
5. "I think
you should visit her."
He ______________________.
6. "Don't
forget to give your mother these flowers."
He ______________________.
7. "I'll call
the police if you don't leave immediately."
He ______________________.
8. "Why don't
we go camping?"
He ______________________.
9. "Children!
You mustn't touch the socket. It's dangerous."
He ______________________.
10. Why do I have
to do the cleaning? It's unfair!"
He ______________________.
Bài 10: Choose the best
answer to complete the letter.
Dear Sir,
I am writing to complain about a television set that I bought
in your shop last week. When I asked the shop assistant why (1) _______ the only set on sale, she (2) _______ me that it (3) _______ used for demonstrations on
the shop floor. I also asked her (4)
_______ it was in good working order and she assured me that it (5) _______ perfectly. She also promised
(6) _______ I could return the set
within ten days for any reason and receive a full refund.
Unfortunately, when I took the TV home, I discovered that the
sound and picture quality were poor. I called the shop and asked someone (7) _______ me through the manager. The
manager explained (8) _______ I
could not get a refund as the television was a sale item. He (9) _______ to have the television
repaired but said that the repairs (10)
_______ at my expense.
Moreover, I would like to add that the shop assistant who sold
me the television (11) _______
promising me a refund if there was a problem with the TV set.
The manager suggested (12)
_______ Head Office, so I am writing to you. I would like a full
refund on the television as soon as possible.
Yours faithfully,
David
1. A. was this B. it was C.
this had been D. it had been
2. A. said B. says C. told D. told to
3. A. is B. is being C.
has been D. had been
4. A. if B. why C. how D. that
5. A. works B. is working C. worked D. would be working
6. A. me that B. me if C.
if D. to me
7. A. put B. to put C.
putting D. that 1 put
8. A. me B. me that C.
that D. me how
9. A. said B. told C. informed D.
offered
10. A. are B. were C. has been D.
would be
11. A. denied B. refused C.
informed D. decided
12. A. to contact B. me to contact C. that
contacting D. that I should contact
KEY BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
Bài 1: Match the two halves of the sentences.
|
1. B |
|
2. D |
|
3. E |
|
4. C |
|
5. A |
Bài 2: Choose the best answer.
1. B (Bà mẹ bảo con trai không được cư xử bất
lịch sự.)
2. A (Anh ấy nói rằng anh ấy sẽ nhặt nó cho tôi
sau giờ tan làm.)
3. D (Cô ấy hỏi tôi học ở đâu.)
4. B (Người phụ nữ muốn tránh bị nhìn thấy ở
camera an ninh.)
5. D (Jack hỏi tôi từ này nghĩa là gì.)
6. A (Nam phục vụ hỏi cô ấy thích uống trà hay cà
phê.)
7. A (Bạn tôi hỏi tôi ai đang đánh piano trong
phòng khách.)
8. B (Ông bố đã ra lệnh cho các con ngừng cười.)
9. C (Anh ấy nói anh ấy đang ở nhà.)
10. C (Vì động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại đơn
"He says" nên chúng ta vẫn giữ nguyên "thì" của động từ
"know")
Bài 3: Complete the
sentences using Reported speech.
1. Kate told me not to play football in the
garden.
2. The teacher reminded me not to forget my
homework.
3. Mike told me not to shout at Tim.
4. Hoa told me not to talk to my neighbour.
5. Daniel told me not to open the door.
6. Mark reminded me not to sing that song.
7. Jane advised me not to watch the new film.
8. David told me not to ring Richard on Sunday.
9. Lisa advised me not to fly via Paris.
10. James reminded me not to eat so much junk
food.
Bài 4: Choose the best answer.
|
1. A |
6. C |
|
2. A |
7. A |
|
3. A |
8. A |
|
4. A |
9. C |
|
5. C |
10. B |
Bài 5: Choose the correct answer in brackets.
|
1. announced |
5. of passing |
|
2. starting |
6. me on getting |
|
3. to arrive |
7. do |
|
4. that she should |
8. to pay |
Bài 6: Use the verbs from the box to rewrite the following
sentences.
1. He denied doing it.
2. Mary invited me to have lunch with
her.
3. Hung suggested (that) I (should)
buy the blue shirt./ Hung advised me to buy the blue shirt.
4. Linda promised to take me to the
zoo.
5. He hoped (that) Ann would phone
that night.
6. He begged me not to tell anyone.
7. He refused to come to her party.
8. She advised me to do morning
exercise.
9. They insisted on going with me.
10. Tom's mother reminded him to do
the homework.
11. Susan threatened to pinch me very
hard if I wore her skirt again.
12. My mother warned me not to fly
kites near electric overhead cables.
Bài 7: Choose the best answer.
|
1. A |
6. A |
|
2. C |
7. C |
|
3. B |
8. C |
|
4. C |
9. C |
|
5. B |
10. B |
Bài 8: Change the sentences into reported speech using one of the
reporting verbs from the box in past simple and any other necessary words.
|
1. promised to help |
6. advised me to go |
|
2. suggested going |
7. refused to help |
|
3. denied breaking |
8. apologized for being |
|
4. regretted getting |
9. reminded Jack to set |
|
5. threatened to kill |
10. admitted breaking |
Bài 9: Complete the sentences in reported speech, using these
reporting verbs: admit, advise, complain, congratulate, order, promise, remind,
suggest, threaten, warn
1. He admitted taking my umbrella.
2. He congratulated me on passing the exam with flying colors.
3. He ordered me to do those exercises.
4. He promised to send me all the letters.
5. He advised me to visit her.
6. He reminded me to give my mother those flowers.
7. He threatened to call the police if I didn't leave immediately.
8. He suggested going camping.
9. He warned the children not to touch the socket because it was
dangerous.
10. He complained about having to do the cleaning.
Bài 10: Choose the best answer to complete the letter.
|
1. B |
7. B |
|
2. C |
8. C |
|
3. D |
9. D |
|
4. A |
10. D |
|
5. C |
11. A |
|
6. A |
12. D |
